Diseases that Exhibit Similar Symptoms

Molluscum contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum is a common viral infection of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a poxvirus. (19:9) When the lesions are disseminated, the rash can be confused with smallpox, particularly in an HIV-infected person with concurrent illnesses. It can also occur in healthy children, who are perfectly well and afebrile.

Clinical clues for differential diagnosis (22:V4:30) include that it can be seen in healthy, afebrile children but is more likely to be disseminated in adults with HIV. 

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