Browsing by Subject "Adolescent Behavior"
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Item Borderline Personality Features and Treatment Outcomes in an Adolescent Intensive Outpatient Treatment Population(2016-08-25) Rial, Katherine Vera; Foxwell, Aleksandra; Kennard, Beth D.; Moore, Patricia SinclairBorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a common psychiatric disorder associated with severe functional impairment, high rates of suicide, comorbid mental disorders, frequent utilization of mental health treatment, and therefore, high cost to society in both adults and adolescents. Although treatments have been developed to treat BPD in adults, little is known about the effectiveness of treatments in adolescents, in particular in an intensive outpatient setting. The current study examined differences in clinical characteristics among adolescents with and without borderline features who participated in an intensive outpatient program (IOP) for suicidal behaviors. In addition, this study examined whether borderline features predicted treatment outcomes at discharge. Fifty-eight participants, ages 13-17 (14.98±1.15), were categorized into adolescents with BPD features and those without. Assessments include the Concise Health Risk Tracking form (CHRT; self-report), Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS; clinician-rated), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology- Adolescent version (QIDS-A; self-report), and the 11-item Borderline Personality Features scale for Children (BPFSC-11; self-report). Statistical analyses include chi-square and ANOVA for demographic and clinical characteristics. Spearman's correlations and a hierarchical linear regression were used to examine treatment outcomes. Results indicate that adolescents with BPD features presented to treatment with more severe depression and suicide risk than adolescents without BPD features. Following IOP treatment, adolescents with BPD features continued to endorse more severe depressive symptoms than those without BPD features. However, there was no statistical difference between groups in regards to suicidality. The presence of BPD features did not predict depression severity at discharge, but the relationship appeared to be trending.Item Examining the Feasibility of a Resilience Mental Health Application in Adolescents(2020-08-01T05:00:00.000Z) Elledge, Daniel Kuroda; Hughes, Jennifer L.; Lee, Simon Craddock; Stewart, Sunita M.; Trivedi, Madhukar; Pop, RaduBACKGROUND: Resilience is defined as the ability to rely on internal characteristics and external strengths to adapt in the face of adverse events. While universal resilience-enhancing programs are effective for adolescents, there is still a need for interventions that are easily accessible and specific to the individual. Phone applications are easy to use, tailored to the individual, and have shown positive effects for mental health outcomes. This study will determine if a resilience application is feasible and acceptable for adolescents, evaluating whether or not short-term use leads to changes in resilience. METHODS: For Study 1, Phase 1, individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with adolescents, parents, teachers, and clinicians to discuss possible incentives for using a mental health application, the benefits of using an application, and what concerns would arise from using an application. For Study 1, Phase 2, individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with adolescents, parents, teachers, and clinicians to gather feedback about the resilience application prototype. For Study 2, 40 adolescents used the application for 30 days to gather more information about feasibility, acceptability, and if there were significant positive changes with resilience and other secondary mental health outcomes. RESULTS: Multiple themes were identified through Study 1 individual interviews and focus groups, including application content, features, engagement, benefits, concerns, and improvement. Study 1, Phase 2 adolescents and adults reported the prototype was feasible and acceptable through the Computer System Usability Questionnaire (M = 6.30, SD = 1.03) and Mobile Application Rating Scale (M = 4.08, SD = 0.61). For Study 2, there were no significant differences for resilience and mental health outcomes after using the application for 30 days. Users appeared to prefer the depression module and survey sections, which provided mental health feedback. CONCLUSION: Qualitative and quantitative data provide evidence that youth are interested in a resilience mental health application and found the current prototype to be feasible. Although there were no significant mental health changes for Study 2 users, clinical implications and future directions are discussed for mental health application research.Item The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide among Adolescents: Examining the Theory over the Course of Treatment(2016-07-29) King, Jessica Davidson; Stewart, Sunita M.; Emslie, Graham; Hughes, Jennifer L.; Kennard, Beth D.; Roaten, Kimberly DayleSuicide is a one of the leading causes of death among young adults and adolescents. Adolescence is the period where suicidal phenomena typically develop and may offer an important window for understanding suicidal behavior. There are many known risk factors for suicide, but it has been difficult to integrate findings in a meaningful way that increases overall understanding of various risk factors for suicide. The Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS; Joiner, 2005) offers an organizing framework for understanding risk factors. The IPTS posits that an individual has to have the desire for suicide, as indicated by perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as well as the acquired capability to do so. There are few multiwave studies that indicate how IPTS variables change over time and also few studies that control for or compare against well-established variables associated with suicidality, specifically depressive symptoms. We aimed to address these shortcomings by examining how the IPTS variables change with treatment, and simultaneously including a measure of depressive symptoms to investigate the dynamic nature of the model and its relationship with suicidal ideation relative to depressive symptoms. Participants were 56 adolescents engaged in an intensive outpatient treatment program, who completed measures of key IPTS constructs, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation at entrance and discharge. Results demonstrated that the interpersonal constructs of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness decreased significantly over the course of treatment while acquired capability remained stable. Change in interpersonal constructs and change in depressive symptoms were associated with change in suicidal ideation when tested in separate models. When change in depressive symptoms and change in interpersonal constructs were examined together, change in the interpersonal constructs contribution to prediction of variance in change in suicidal ideation persisted. This finding supports the unique contribution of IPTS variables to changes in suicidal ideation in a dynamic framework.Item [News](1985-09-09) Harrell, Ann