Browsing by Subject "Atherosclerosis"
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Item Barriers to population-wide lipid management and new tools for success(2023-02-24) Navar, Ann MarieItem Cholesterol management issues 2015: lower is better(2015-04-03) Grundy, Scott M.Item Donald W. Seldin, M.D., Research Symposium finalist presentations(2022-04-29) Almonte, Matthew; Duvalyan, Angela; McAdams, Meredith; Onyirioha, Kristeen; Saez-Calveras, Nil; Triana, TaylorThis edition of the UT Southwestern Internal Medicine Grand Rounds features presentations by the six Foster Fellows selected as finalists from the Seventh Annual Donald W. Seldin, M.D. Research Symposium, which was held on April 21, 2022. These Foster Fellows presented work that spanned the breadth and depth of scholarly activity across the department, and at the close of Grand Rounds, one will be selected as the 2022 Seldin Scholar, in honor of Dr. Donald W. Seldin. The Grand Rounds presentation includes additional award presentations recognizing Clinical Vignettes, as well as the Award for Research in Quality and Education at Parkland Hospital and the Social Impact Award.Item Genetic protection from coronary atherosclerosis: from genes to public health(2006-04-20) Hobbs, Helen H.Item Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Heart and Vasculature at 3 Tesla: Novel Strategies for the Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Cardiovascular Disease(2011-10-03) Maroules, Christopher D.; Peshock, Ronald M.PURPOSE: (1) To study the effects of field strength and parallel imaging on image contrast and the interstudy reproducibility of right and left ventricular (RV and LV) measurements using steady-state free precession (SSFP) cardiac magnetic resonance; (2) to explore the impact of 3T parallel imaging techniques on the assessment and reproducibility of black-blood aortic atherosclerosis imaging; and (3) to evaluate the feasibility of coronary sinus flow imaging by 3T spiral velocity-encoded cine (VEC) MR imaging in overweight women with risk factors for cardiovascular disease MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate cardiac measurements and aortic atherosclerosis by cardiac magnetic resonance, thirty-two subjects (20 normal, 12 cardiac patients) underwent SSFP cine short-axis imaging and black-blood abdominal aortic imaging: two studies at 1.5T, one study at 3T, and another study at 3T with parallel imaging (SENSE). Contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) were compared between techniques. To evaluate the feasibility of coronary sinus flow MR imaging, ten women (age 38 years ± 10) with a mean BMI of 33 kg/m2 ± 8 were studied. Coronary sinus flow was measured at baseline and in response to cold pressor stress. Changes in right coronary artery flow were also measured before and after stress using VEC MRI. RESULTS: Cardiac MRI: 3T SENSE imaging reduced cardiac imaging time from 8 ± 2 min to 3 ± 1 min (P<0.001). A significant gain in LV CNR was detected between 1.5T and 3T with SENSE (43.8 ± 6.5 vs 48.4 ± 7.4, P=0.01), but no significant gain was detected in RV CNR. The reproducibility of LV and RV measurements between two 1.5T studies was not significantly different from the reproducibility between a 1.5T study and a 3T study with SENSE. Aortic MRI: Image quality scores were comparable between 1.5-T and 3-T with SENSE (4.0 ± 0.6 vs 4.2 ± 0.6, P = 0.21). Bland-Altman reproducibility for MWT was -0.03 mm ± 0.15 (1.5-T vs 1.5-T) and -0.01 mm ± 0.18 (1.5-T vs 3-T with SENSE), P = 0.83. Detection of the presence of absence of plaque was comparable. Coronary Sinus Flow Imaging: A significant 24% increase in coronary sinus volume flow was observed from baseline to peak cold pressor stress (141 ± 34 ml/min vs. 184 ± 42 ml/min, p = 0.02). Similar increases in RCA flow velocity were observed (15.3 ± 5 cm/sec vs. 23.2 ± 7 cm/sec, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: (1) SSFP cardiac MR imaging and black-blood aortic MR imaging are reproducible techniques. (2) Parallel imaging at 3T permits shorter scan time compared to conventional 1.5-T imaging with comparable measurements of cardiac structure and function, as well as aortic atherosclerosis. (3) Coronary sinus spiral velocity-encoded MRI at 3T is a feasible technique for measuring changes in coronary flow in asymptomatic overweight and obese women with risk factors for cardiovascular disease.Item New and emerging therapies for hyperlipidemia(2014-05-02) Horton, Jay D.Item [News](1990-06-01) Cannella, Heidi HarrisItem The Relationship of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression to Cognition(2014-07-25) Carter, Kirstine Renee; Rossetti, Heidi; Lacritz, Laura H.; Cullum, C. Munro; Hynan, Linda S.; Khera, Amit; Weiner, Myron F.Subclinical atherosclerosis has been linked to poorer cognitive performance. Most of the literature investigating the relationship between atherosclerosis and cognitive functioning has utilized the carotid artery as an indicator. Few studies have examined the association between cognitive performance and atherosclerosis in areas where it accumulates early in the progression process, such as the coronary artery. This project aimed to examine the relationship between change in subclinical coronary atherosclerosis and cognitive performance in a large, community-based sample. Participants included 1,386 individuals with Dallas Heart Study data for coronary artery calcium (CAC) levels obtained at two time points (DHS-1 and DHS-2, approximately 7 years later) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores at DHS-2 (mean age in years (SD)=52 (9.0); 57% female, 48% Black). A subset of DHS participants (N=101, mean age (SD)= 66 (5.1), 58% female, 38% Black) returned 5 years later for comprehensive neuropsychological testing as part of the Dallas Heart and Brain Aging Study (DHBAS) at the UT Southwestern Alzheimer Disease Center. CAC progression was examined as an increase from baseline calcium levels and based on CAC progression groups (i.e., None, Incidence, Non-Progressor, Progressor) in relationship to MoCA Total Score using linear multiple regression and ANOVA to compare MoCA performance between groups. Neuropsychological test data were aggregated into functional domains, and then into a Global Composite Score. The relationship between CAC progression and this global score was examined using linear multiple regression and MANOVA. ANCOVA and MANCOVA were also used to control for sociodemographic variables, traditional vascular risk factors, and baseline CAC. In the DHS sample, CAC progression was weakly but significantly associated with MoCA scores, but this relationship was attenuated by sociodemographic factors. Membership in the CAC Progressor group was significantly associated with poorer MoCA scores after controlling for baseline CAC, race, age, sex, education, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and waist to hip ratio; however, when participants with stroke were excluded Progressor group membership was no longer a predictor. There was no relationship between CAC change and subsequent cognitive performance on comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Overall, there was minimal relationship between CAC progression and global cognitive performance in a large, relatively young, community-based sample.Item The South Asian cardiometabolic curse: awareness and action(2023-04-21) Rohatgi, AnandItem [Southwestern News](1998-11-24) McNeill, Bridgette RoseItem [Southwestern News](1999-04-09) McNeill, Bridgette RoseItem [Southwestern News](2005-03-15) Morales, KatherineItem [Southwestern News](1992-06-19) Cannella, Heidi HarrisItem [Southwestern News](1995-02-10) McNeill, Bridgette RoseItem Statins for primary prevention(2016-10-07) Abdullah, ShuaibItem [UT News](1985-08-08) Bosler, Tommy JoyItem [UT Southwestern Medical Center News](2013-06-18) Jarvis, Janice