Browsing by Subject "Cultural Competency"
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Item Cultural competence in the care of Muslim patients and their families(2023-03-10) Rashdan, SawsanItem Development of the Texas Spanish Naming Test: A Test for Spanish-Speakers(2005-08-11) Marquez de la Plata, Carlos; Cullum, C. MunroThe elderly Hispanic population is growing at a rapid pace, although very few neuropsychological measures are developed in Spanish, as most tests are translated versions of their English-language originals. The construct validity of these instruments with Spanish-speakers is virtually unexamined and bias may result due to cultural differences between the population the original tests were intended for and the Spanish-speaking populations they are used with. The current investigation used culturally salient words to develop the Texas Naming Test (TNT), a confrontation naming test for Spanish-speakers. Eighty-five (55 nondemented and 30 demented) Spanish-speaking primary care clinic patients were administered this test to determine its psychometric qualities. The TNT demonstrated very good internal consistency (alpha = 0.9) and good convergent validity, as it correlated highly with translated Spanish-naming tests commonly used in clinical practice (r > 0.80). Multivariate analysis of covariance and logistic regression demonstrated that performance on the TNT was not significantly influenced by acculturation, though the test did relate to both education (r = 0.48, p< .001) and acculturation (r = 0.41, p < .001). As predicted, the TNT effectively detected differences between demented and nondemented individuals, and demonstrated a high level of sensitivity (100%) for dementia when using an optimal cut score of < 23. Furthermore, ROC curve analysis demonstrated the overall discriminant utility of the TNT was comparable to a literal Spanish translation of the Boston Naming Test (MBNT-S), but better than a translated short form of the BNT (15-SNT). Data from this investigation suggest the TNT may be clinically useful where dementia among Spanish-speakers is suspected. Further exploration is needed to determine the extent to which culturally salient words contribute to greater sensitivity.Item Preparing physicians for an evolving demographic landscape(2018-12-14) Nesbitt, Shawna D.Item Structural competency: new frameworks to understand and respond to inequities in health(2023-04-11) Holmes, Seth M.Research on disparities in health and in medical care demonstrates that social, economic, and political inequities are key drivers of poor health outcomes. The influence of such inequities on health has long been noted by clinicians and public health practitioners, but such content has been incorporated unevenly into clinical training and clinical ethics. Recently proposed by clinicians, ethicists, and medical social scientists, the framework of "structural competency" offers a paradigm for training health professionals to recognize and respond to the impact of upstream, structural factors on patient health and health care. This lecture will cover key terms and primary domains of structural competency to allow medical practitioners, ethicists, and researchers to perceive and respond to social inequities in health in new ways.