Browsing by Subject "Kidney Neoplasms"

Now showing 1 - 14 of 14

Analgesic nephrotoxicity
(1982-03-18) Gailiunas, Peter, Jr.
B-Catenin and K-ras Synergize to Form Wilm's Tumor with Concurrent p53 Pathways Modulation
(2014-02-04) Hembd, Austin; Clark, Peter; DeGraff, David
Humans can develop pediatric kidney tumors called Wilm's tumors. If one identifies the specific genes that cause Wilm's tumor, or that concomitantly change expression levels in the tumor tissue, then diagnosis and eventually drug targets for therapy are expedited. Characterizing genetic determinants in the mouse model can help actualize these future therapies. When the genes Kras and βCatenin are overexpressed in a mouse, it develops a renal tumor histologically identical to a human Wilm's tumor. Microarray analysis on mouse tumor tissue showed modulated expression levels of gene targets in the p53 tumor suppressor pathway. Immunohistochemistry stained mice tissue specifically for p53. In tissue with Kras and βcatenin overexpression, p53 staining is positive surrounding the tumor. RT qPCR measured levels of gene expression of p53 pathway associated genes. Combination mutants βCatenin and Kras were compared with controls. This PCR array analysis identified genes, such as cJun, Traf1, and Dapk1, that had significant expression changes in the combination mutant when compared to either mutant individually. The expression is modulated in a nonadditive fashion in Kras + βcatenin mutant tissues, which can explain the phenotype of Wilm's tumor in only double mutant mice. These genes individually represent targets for therapy in the future, and together represent an identifying fingerprint for diagnosis and prediction.
British urologist due at Southwestern
(1969-04-23) Chappell, Frank W., Jr.; Weeks, John
Comparison of the Clinical Presentation of Two Age Groups in Pediatric Wilm's Tumor Patients at a Single Institution
(2016-01-19) West, Lindsey; Burkhalter, Lorrie; Murphy, Joseph T.
BACKGROUND: The long term survival rates for Wilm's Tumor in North America and Europe have increased to almost 85% overall. There is an emphasis on "risk based management" where children who are diagnosed with low stage tumors can achieve excellent outcomes with less intensive chemotherapy and radiation. This study aims to characterize difference of the presentation of Wilm's Tumor patients between a younger and an older age group at Children's Medical Center over 5 years from 2010 to 2015. METHODS: A retrospective review of 35 children presenting with Wilm's Tumor at Children's Medical Center of Dallas between April 2010 and April 2015 was conducted and data was collected on demographics, associated symptoms, stage of tumor, tumor histology, and outcome data. These data points were stratified between two age groups, either younger or older than 3 years old (yo). RESULTS: Ages at time of surgery ranged from ages 7 months to 15 yo, with a median age of 3 yo. Of the 16 patients younger than 3 yo, there were 10 males and 6 females, 7 white and 9 non-white, and 7 left-sided and 7 right-sided. Only 3 patients presented with abdominal pain, while 13 presented with an asymptomatic mass. Seven patients had stage 1 /2 tumors, and 9 patients had stage 3/ 4 tumors. Three of the patients had lung metastases while 12 were non metastatic tumors limited to the kidney. Of the 19 patients older than 3 yo, there were 6 males and 13 females, 14 white and 5 non-white, Sixteen patients presented with abdominal pain at the time of diagnosis while only 3 had an asymptomatic mass. There were 16 were left sided and 3 right sided tumors, 4 patients with stage 1/2 tumors and 15 patients with stage 3/4 tumors. Twelve patients had lung metastases at the time of surgery while 7 were non-metastatic tumors limited to the kidney. Compared to patients younger than 3 yo at time of surgery, patients older than 3 yo were more likely to present as female (p= 0.0946) and white (p= 0.094 ). They were also more likely to have left-sided tumor laterality (p= 0.057), have abdominal pain (p= 0.0002), and have lung metastases at time of surgery (p= 0.02). CONCLUSION: Despite a small study population from a single institution, these data demonstrate significant and critical differences in presentation, anatomy and severity of Wilm's tumor based on age at presentation.
Engraftment of Tumorgrafts Predicts for Development of Metastasis in Patients with Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma
(2014-02-04) Thomas, Felix; Li, Xiaoyue; Pavia-Jimenez, Andrea; Toffessi, Vanina; Cohn, Shannon; Christie, Alana; Brugarolas, James
PURPOSE: This retrospective study compares tumorgraft engraftment with development of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in patients after the resection of localized tumor in order to determine the potential clinical applications of tumorgraft models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed tumorgraft lines derived from primary tumor samples of 180 patients. Odds ratios and Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to determine the correlation between tumor engraftment and patient outcome. RESULTS: There were primary tumor samples from a total of 22 patients who had metastatic disease at the time of surgery. These tumors engrafted at a higher frequency than those of patients who did not have metastatic disease at the time of surgery (OR=3.39, p=0.0099). Of the 158 patients who had localized RCC at the time of surgery, patients whose tumors engrafted developed metastasis at a higher frequency (OR=3.53, p=0.01174) than those whose tumors did not engraft. Patients with engrafted tumors also had a marked decrease in progression-free survival and RCC-specific progression-free survival, but not overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: Engraftment of tumors in mice may be an independent predictor of patient outcome and thus has the potential to become a powerful clinical tool. It also may provide an experimental system to dissect determinants of metastases. Finally, selecting tissue from patients with metastatic RCC at the time of surgery can be used to increase the efficiency of engraftment in RCC tumorgraft models.
Immunotherapy in kidney cancer: the past, present and future
(2016-07-15) Hammers, Hans
Presence of Bland Thrombus Is a Negative Indicator for Cancer Specific Survival in Patients Undergoing Nephrectomy for Kidney Tumors with Venous Tumor Thrombus
(2016-01-19) Rew, Charles; Chen, Gong; Hutchinson, Ryan; Singla, Nirmish; Meissner, Matthew; Sheth, Kunj; Haddad, Ahmed; Mann, Michael; Abel, E. Jason; Margulis, Vitaly; Thompson, Houston
PURPOSE: We sought to evaluate the oncologic outcomes of patients undergoing nephrectomy for tumors with venous tumor thrombus with respect to presence or absence of bland thrombus. METHODS: Multi-institutional, IRB approved retrospective nephrectomy databases were reviewed for identification of patients with and without bland thrombus identified on preoperative imaging, intraoperatively, or during final pathologic evaluation. RESULTS: 388 patients were identified including 225 without bland thrombus and 163 with bland thrombus. Median patient age was 62 and median ECOG performance status was 1. Median survival time for tumors without bland thrombus was 76.7 months (95% CI: 57.7 - 95.8) versus 28.3 months (95% CI: 23.0 - 33.5) for those with bland thrombus. Bland thrombus was not associated with histologic subtype (p = 0.069) or sarcomatoid differentiation (p= 0.60) and was highly associated with tumor stage (p<0.001), level of tumor thrombus (p<0.001) and positive margin status (p<0.001). Presence of bland thrombus was associated with decreased cancer-specific survival (HR 2.03, p < 0.001) CONCLUSION: Presence of bland tumor thrombus is associated with adverse pathologic features and inferior oncologic outcomes in patients treated for RCC and venous tumor thrombus. Pre-surgical identification of bland tumor thrombus may play a role in patient counseling and selection for surgery.
Renal cell carcinoma
(1990-11-15) Cronin, Robert E.
[Southwestern News]
(2001-10-02) Baxter, Mindy
Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma
(2022-01-14) Hammers, Hans
A two-headed coin: renal disease and neoplasms (or "heads- you win; tails-I lose")
(1981-10-08) McPhaul, John J., Jr.
[UT Southwestern Medical Center News]
(2011-03-31) Bolles, Debbie
[UT Southwestern Medical Center News]
(2008-06-02) Stafford, Erin Prather
[UT Southwestern Medical Center News]
(2010-06-04) Morales, Katherine