Browsing by Subject "Mindfulness"
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Item Development and Implementation of a Brief Video-Based Mindful Movement Intervention Prior to Pelvic Exams to Reduce Pain Intensity and State Anxiety(August 2021) Collins, Marielle Heather; Greer, Tracy L.; Evans, Harry M.; Kho, Kimberly A.; Trombello, Joseph M.; Carmody, ThomasMindfulness interventions have demonstrated efficacy for numerous health related outcomes, and been implemented in medical settings to reduce pain and anxiety prior to exams, surgeries, or procedures. This broad investigation begins with a theoretical review exploring a proposed mechanism of mindfulness, improved attention. It presents a theory of mindful movement as a type of mindfulness potentially more efficacious for individuals who struggle with mind-wandering, such as those with depression and anxiety. Mind-wandering and rumination are barriers to mindfulness, and movement has been shown to engage finite executive resources also utilized for mind-wandering. Mindfulness interventions with movement, may promote greater engagement for individuals with attentional challenges, compared to focused attention meditation. Mindful movement may provide a more accessible form of mindfulness for brief interventions, implemented in settings with a wide range of participants. The current study tests the efficacy of a 5-minute mindful movement video prior to pelvic examination in a sample of 99 women at an outpatient gynecology clinic, with the aim of reducing anxiety and pain. Participants were randomized into Treatment (5-minute mindful movement video; n=49) and Control (educative materials about mindfulness benefits; n=50). Upon arrival, women completed a PHQ-9, and baseline measurements of anxiety and pain using a visual analogue scale. They then completed the group specific activity and rated anxiety prior to examination. After examination participants rated exam pain, post-exam anxiety, and completed questionnaires assessing exam satisfaction and intervention acceptability. Physicians (n=2) rated ease of performing pelvic examination and ability to obtain clinical information. Results demonstrated clinically anxious individuals who completed the intervention reported significantly lower anxiety before pelvic examination (p=.000, partial η2=.262) and after (p= .010, partial η2=.126) compared to control group. No significant differences in pain, patient exam satisfaction, or physician perception of the exam were noted between groups. Acceptability and interest in the intervention was also high. This study demonstrates the ability to implement a brief mindful movement video into the flow of a medical clinic and reduce pelvic exam anxiety. In general, this broad investigation supports ongoing research exploring mindful movement from a mechanistic perspective, and the implementation of brief mindful movement interventions in medical settings.Item [News](1989-01-23) West, MikeItem The Role of Mindfulness, Attachment, and Stress in Diverse Populations During Pregnancy(2017-07-27) Kirby, Joshua N.; Robinson, Richard C.; Tucker, Christy; Hynan, Linda S.; Bonsu, Mary L.; Stringer, Claude A.As stress can be detrimental to mental and physical health outcomes during pregnancy, there is a need for ongoing research of psychosocial factors, as well as underlying demographic and sociocultural variables, that may mitigate such impact. Attachment security and dispositional mindfulness have been found to predict lower stress levels in certain contexts. Additionally, mindfulness training has proven to be an effective stress reduction intervention in pregnant populations. This study aimed primarily to evaluate the relationship among demographic factors, stress, attachment, and mindfulness in a racially diverse sample of women with high-risk pregnancies. A secondary aim involved a small pilot study of mindfulness training in this population. The hypotheses were that women with more insecure attachment would have higher stress and lower levels of mindfulness, and that mindfulness would moderate the impact of attachment insecurity on stress. African-American women were hypothesized to have greater levels of stress and attachment avoidance based on a review of the literature. Participants (N = 127) completed the 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale, Experiences in Close Relationship Scale- Short Form, and Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form. Analysis of variance indicated participants were more likely to have avoidant attachment and lower dispositional mindfulness if they were African-American and unmarried. Regression analyses revealed attachment and mindfulness to be predictors of stress; however, mindfulness did not buffer the relationship between attachment insecurity and stress. Negative correlations were demonstrated between attachment avoidance and facets of mindfulness. With regard to the secondary, exploratory aim, a subsample of women (N = 5) completed a one-week mindfulness intervention compared to a control group (N = 5), in which all participants were administered the abovementioned questionnaires pre- and post-test. As anticipated, no statistically significant changes were noted, although important trends were identified for participants that practiced mindfulness meditation compared to those that did not. The results highlight differences in the experience of stress between African-American and white women when considering attachment tendencies continued into adulthood. Though not a significant moderator of stress for insecurely attached participants, this study identified mindfulness as a key mechanism in the appraisal and response to stress with unique sociocultural sensitivities that deserve further attention.