Browsing by Subject "Morals"
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Item Human enhancement: a middle way?(2018-12-11) Kaebnick, Gregory E.The prospect of human enhancement--of using medical interventions not just as therapies for disorders and injuries but as tools to make people better than normal--has often seemed to pit hardliners against freethinkers. Opponents of enhancement come across as negative, irrational, and rigid, while proponents look optimistic, reasonable, and flexible. I shall try to recast the debate. Much of the problem for opponents is that they often seem to rest their opposition on very strong and broad claims about human nature. It's possible, though, to have simple and down-to-earth reasons for not liking enhancement. And simpler, down-to-earth reasons can be flexible: they can be overridden or set aside when circumstances warrant. Moral enhancement--that is, enhancement of the capacities for deliberating on, settling on, and acting on moral judgments--provides a challenging test case.Item Moral distress in healthcare professionals: what is it and how should we respond?(2019-02-12) Hamric, Ann B.[Note: The slide presentation and video are not available from this event.] Over the past 20 years, the study of moral distress has garnered great interest among healthcare professionals, philosophers, and researchers due to the ubiquity and dangers of the phenomenon. The intersections of exponential growth of scientific knowledge, the availability of medical information to the public through the internet, the increasing complexity of healthcare delivery through formal and informal teams, and shifting notions of professionalism fuel the sustained relevance of moral distress. This presentation will explore moral distress and advance strategies for dealing with it. Healthcare professional data from a large multi-site study (N=706) will be presented showing the importance of team- and system-level causes of moral distress. Relationships between moral distress levels and key variables such as ethical climate and practice setting will be presented. Discussion of the sources of moral distress will assist participants to target interventions in their settings that can minimize this problem and its negative consequences.Item On wealth and wrongdoing: how social class influences unethical behavior(2013-03-12) Piff, Paul K.Social class exerts a significant influence on ethical decisions and behavior. Psychological research finds that individuals from higher social class backgrounds are more likely to prioritize themselves---their individual needs and desires relative to individuals from lower social class backgrounds, who are more likely to be sensitive to others. Guided by this work, Paul K. Piff, Ph.D., will report studies showing that higher social class is associated with increased unethical behavior, decreased altruism, and increased utilitarian moral reasoning, as well as provide data to shed light on the reasons for these class differences. The talk highlights that social class is a powerful force in the realm of ethics.Item Putting the demos in democratic deliberation: the search for public opinion about the ethical use of biospecimens [a meditation in three acts](2022-02-08) De Vries, Raymond G.The creation of sustainable and ethical policies in health care and the life sciences requires soliciting and incorporating the attitudes and opinions of the "public," a difficult task that is even more challenging in a political polarized society and when the policies in question are explicitly normative. Using research on public attitudes about the use of their biospecimens and health data, we will look at various methods used to solicit those attitudes and consider the strengths and limitations of those approaches. We will reflect on the value of empirical data for resolving normative questions (in other words, the age-old is/ought problem) and think together about better ways to incorporate the opinions of the demos in health policy.