Browsing by Subject "Professional Practice"
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Item Defining professionalism in the digital age: barriers and opportunities(2014-05-13) Farnan, JeanneThe overwhelming popularity of Web 2.0 technologies, such as social networking sites, media sharing sites and blogging, has significantly changed the manner in which trainees interact with educators, colleagues, and the lay public. Individual and institutional representation, the absence of existing policies and the perception of the lay public are some of the salient issues that arise when considering the "digital images" displayed by trainees and faculty alike. Little guidance exists for medical educators on preventing misuse of digital media and ensuring standards for professional conduct. Similarly, the positive potential of these media, within medical education, are only beginning to be realized. While many of these issues are also faced by colleagues in other areas of higher education, medical educators and their institutions are faced with the additional challenge of ensuring that graduates exemplify the ideals of medical professionalism. This lecture will address educators' understanding of the currently available technology, the threats that they pose to trainee professionalism and strategies to protect the trainees' and the program or institutions' digital image.Item International perspectives on research ethics and scientific integrity: at home and abroad(2013-12-10) Heitman, ElizabethThe globalization of biomedical science has transformed collaboration in laboratory and clinical research and raised new challenges for US researchers' understanding of research ethics and scientific integrity. There are few universally accepted standards of responsible research practice and almost no worldwide regulation or oversight bodies governing research collaboration across national borders. Although English is widely used as the international language of biomedical science, the practical vocabulary of research integrity can still vary markedly among countries and cultures. This presentation will examine the growing diversity of research collaborations at home and abroad, the ethical questions that such collaborations may face, and recent efforts to define international practice standards and ethical norms for research in global health and biomedical science.Item The law and ethics of conscientious refusal(2019-04-09) Sepper, ElizabethThe presentation will examine conflicts of conscience that arise between patients, healthcare providers, and institutions in the field of medicine, especially with regard to reproductive health and end-of-life care. More specifically, it considers "conscientious refusal"-a provider's exercise of his/her conscience in refusing to perform or participate in a procedure that is deemed ethically and legally permissible. It will give an overview of the history and development of legislative and court protections for conscientious refusals. It will identify ways in which existing legislation fails to advance its purported goals of protecting conscience, risks harm to patients, and destabilizes ethical decision-making within medicine itself. It will conclude with an assessment of future directions.Item Moral problems in the research-practice distinction and in oversight systems to protect patients (The Daniel W. Foster, M.D., Visiting Lectureship in Medical Ethics)(2014-11-11) Beauchamp, Tom L.This presentation concerns whether we have good reasons for our sharp division of the biomedical world into research and practice, while requiring ethical oversight systems only for research. The first consideration is backward looking in history: how and why required institutional ethics review committees emerged in the 1970s with a burdensome network of rules and oversight systems for clinical research, while creating nothing truly comparable for clinical medicine. The second consideration is future-regarding: how and why we need to change the current oversight system to protect patients to include clinical medicine, not merely clinical research. The third consideration is how a healthcare system ideally should be constructed to integrate health care with rapid input of research information, while also creating better systems of ethics review and ones that do not under-regulate but also do not over-regulate. Extensive adjustments in the current system of review will be needed to meet these goals.