Browsing by Subject "Psychiatric Status Rating Scales"
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Item Identifying Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Clinical Sample of Preschool-Aged Children Using the BASC-3 Parent Rating Scales(2020-07-19) Duley, Savanna S.; Bellone, Katherine; LePage, James; Foxwell, Aleksandra; Anton, Corinne; Elliott, StephenThe Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition (BASC-3) is a broadband behavioral rating scale commonly used in medical and educational settings to assess a variety of emotional and behavioral difficulties in preschool age children. The DSD content scale on the BASC is intended to measure impairments in a child's social skills, communication, interests, and activities. Use of the scale has been suggested to improve early identification efforts in the areas of developmental screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Previous research investigating the DSD scale reported evidence for the scale's ability to aid in the identification of preschoolers with developmental delays, and discriminate between children diagnosed with ASDs, other diagnoses, and those who were typically developing; however the DSD scale has not been re-validated in clinical preschool populations using the updated BASC edition, the BASC-3. The current study examined whether T-Scores on the DSD content scale on BASC-3 Parent Rating Scales, Preschool Form could identify preschool-aged children diagnosed with an ASD and meaningfully differentiate these children from those diagnosed with other developmental delays. DSD T-Scores were generated for each participant using several different normative scoring comparison groups and compared across scoring methods to fully examine the utility of the DSD scale specific to a clinical sample. Results indicated that the DSD scale was able to effectively identify and confirm the presence of symptoms related to developmental social disorders among all participants; however, the scale was unable to distinguish between preschoolers diagnosed with ASD versus those with other developmental delays.Item Improving Depressive Symptom Measurement in Adolescents: A Psychometric Evaluation of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Adolescent Verison(2009-06-17) Haley, Charlotte Louise; Kennard, Beth D.Major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents is a common and debilitating psychiatric disorder. Current instruments used to identify the presence of and monitor the treatment of depression in adolescents vary in validity, reliability, appropriateness, cost and ease of administration, such that there is not yet an established instrument that meets all the needs of clinicians working with adolescents. The 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS16), developed and successfully validated as an accurate, brief and economical measure of depressive symptom severity in adults, has been modified to an adolescent version (QIDS-A17). Results from recent studies suggest that the QIDS-A17 may meet the need for a freely available, easy to administer, psychometrically-sound measure of core depressive symptoms for adolescents that can be used both as a screening tool and as a measure of symptom severity in both research studies and clinical practice. The current study aims to validate the QIDS-A17 instruments, including the self-report format (QIDS-A-SR), and two clinician-rated formats (QIDS-A-C[Adolescent] and QIDS-A-C[Composite]) in an adolescent outpatient population. The study included 103 outpatient adolescents ranging from 8 to 17 years of age. During a single visit, adolescents completed the QIDS-A-SR. A clinician completed the clinician-rated versions separately for adolescents (QIDS-A-C[Adolescent]) and parents (QIDS-A-C[Composite]) and the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R). Classical Test Theory (CTT) analysis found all three QIDS-A17 measures to show strong internal consistency and correlate significantly to the CDRS-R, although the CDRS-R was the most reliable. Factor and parallel analysis found all four measures to be unidimensional. Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis found results that complemented the reliability results found in CTT. All four measures demonstrated diagnostic validity based on univariate and multivariate logistic regression, ANOVA, and MANOVA analyses. Scores on all four measures were equated to create conversion tables to facilitate translation of scores between tests. Although the three clinician-rated measures (CDRS-R, QIDS-A-C[Adolescent], QIDS-A-C[Composite]) were slightly more reliable than the QIDS-A-SR, the QIDS-A-SR demonstrated satisfactory reliability, validity, and discriminate utility such that it can be used effectively in settings that would benefit from a quick, valid, freely available self-report measure of depression in adolescents.Item Utility of the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in Detecting Autopsy-Proven Dementia in Patients with Low Education(2018-01-23) Li, Chengxi; LoBue, Christian; Schaffert, Jeff; Cullum, C. MunroBACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The Clinical Dementia Rating scale (CDR) assesses impairment in 6 cognitive and functional domains to stage cognitive decline and dementia. Each domain is scored from 0 (no impairment) to 3 (severe impairment), and these scores are summed to a sum-of-boxes (CDR-SB) score ranging from 0 to 18. The CDR-SB score has shown high reliability in staging dementia. However, no studies have determined whether the CDR remains effective when applied to less-educated individuals. This study investigated the sensitivity and specificity of the CDR-SB score in detecting dementia associated with autopsy-proven AD in patients with less than 12 years of education. HYPOTHESIS: Using the validated CDR-SB cut score for mild dementia (4.5) to detect autopsy-proven AD in this population was hypothesized to yield low sensitivity and/or specificity (i.e. <70%). A higher cut score was expected to be required for optimal sensitivity/specificity. METHODS: Participants from the National Alzheimerメs Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set with less than 12 years of education were divided into two cohorts (autopsy-proven AD and normal age-related brain changes), matched for age and sex, and excluded if other major neurological diseases were present (n = 34; 17 per cohort). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of CDR-SB scores in discriminating between subjects with autopsy-proven AD and those with normal age-related brain changes. RESULTS: The validated CDR-SB cut score for mild dementia (4.5) correctly classified 10 of 17 patients with normal age-related brain changes and 16 of 17 with autopsy-proven AD (sensitivity = .941, specificity = .588). These data reflect the unexpected presence of 7 patients with clinically-diagnosed dementia in the normal cohort and 1 patient without clinically-diagnosed dementia in the autopsy-proven AD cohort. The optimal cut score was found to be 9.5, correctly classifying 15 of 17 patients with normal age-related brain changes and 14 of 17 with autopsy-proven AD (sensitivity = .824, specificity = .882). DISCUSSION: In patients with <12 years of education, the optimal CDR-SB cut score to detect AD-related dementia (9.5) is in a range associated with moderate dementia, which may be too high for clinical utility. Although numerous neurological syndromes were excluded, factors other than education may have contributed to high CDR-SB scores in the comparison group. Further research in larger samples is needed to validate the results of this preliminary investigation.