Browsing by Subject "Health Personnel"
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Item Bias and equity teaching rounds: an educational exercise to minimize bias in patient care(2022-05-06) Capers, Quinn, IV; Ahmad, Zahid; Estelle, Carolee; Hegde, Anita; Nadamuni, Mridula; Racial Equity, Diversity & Inclusion (REDI) CommitteeItem Building and Testing a Device to Monitor and Improve Hand Hygiene Compliance in Hospital Care(2016-01-19) Liu, Mary Ashley; van de Bruinhorst, Katrina; Olson, Dai Wai; Aiyagari, VenkateshHand hygiene (HH) is an essential component of hospital care, however, it is not universally practiced by health care workers (HCWs). High-tech solutions exist for monitoring HH, but are not widely used due to high cost and other limitations. The aims of this study were to build and test a system to monitor and remind HCWs and visitors to perform HH before and after patient contact. We designed a HH monitoring system using widely available electronic circuit parts, and tested it in the neuroscience intensive care unit of Zale Lipshy University Hospital. Our device consisted of three motion sensors, one placed on the hand sanitizer dispenser inside the patient room, one placed on the dispenser outside the room, and one on the door. The three sensors were configured to detect if entrance into or exit from a patient's room was immediately preceded by use of the local dispenser. The device also used an audiovisual reminder when a subject failed to initially hand sanitize. A cloud-based method was used to transmit and record data from the devices over the Internet onto online Excel spreadsheets based on whether the person entering or exiting the patient room was compliant or non-compliant in HH. Compliance was defined as subjects hand sanitizing either immediately before entering or exiting the patient room or within the set time period that the reminder was given. Device functionality was tested via a direct observational period, after which observational data were compared with data recorded by the device. Our device was able to monitor and record HH compliance in a high percentage of HCWs and visitors. Out of 100 observations, 73 were recorded by the device as compliant and 27 as non-compliant. Of the 73 compliant cases, 2 were actually non-compliant; of the 27 non-compliant cases, 5 were actually compliant. Sensitivity was 93% and specificity was 92%. The device was able to differentiate compliant from non-compliant subjects entering or exiting the patient room, initiate a reminder, and automatically record the data. Our study shows that HH compliance in hospital care can be monitored with a low cost, easy-to-build electronic device that overcomes several limitations posed by existing solutions. Future studies will continue to look at the long-term effect of an audiovisual reminder on increasing HH compliance in hospital care.Item Case studies in bias in medicine: audience participation required(2021-10-08) Capers, Quinn, IV; Jamshed, Namirah; Estelle, Carolee; Shoultz, Thomas; Islam, AnaItem Diverse medicine: developing a sustainable medical workforce to meet the needs of our patient population(2020-01-31) Okorodudu, DaleItem Grit & resilience in learners(2017-06-09) Barker, Blake R.Item In "the room where it happens"(2022-12-16) Freeland, Deborah G.Item Latex allergy: a growing risk for health care workers in the 1990's(1995-07-27) Gruchalla, Rebecca S.Item Laws that conflict with the practice of medicine: what should health professionals do?(2015-12-08) Davis, Dena S.A number of states have passed laws that either require physicians to practice bad medicine, or that block them from good medical practice. In addition to anti-abortion laws that require practitioners to give patients inaccurate information, there is also a push by the gun lobby to make it illegal for pediatricians to ask parents if they have guns in the home. A Florida "gag" law to that effect was recently upheld in the 11th Circuit. What should health care providers do when faced with these laws? Is it enough to obey the law and work to overturn the legislation? Are there strategies of circumvention and do they harm the provider/patient relationship? Is civil disobedience ever required, out of loyalty to one's profession and to one's patients?Item Moral distress in healthcare professionals: what is it and how should we respond?(2019-02-12) Hamric, Ann B.[Note: The slide presentation and video are not available from this event.] Over the past 20 years, the study of moral distress has garnered great interest among healthcare professionals, philosophers, and researchers due to the ubiquity and dangers of the phenomenon. The intersections of exponential growth of scientific knowledge, the availability of medical information to the public through the internet, the increasing complexity of healthcare delivery through formal and informal teams, and shifting notions of professionalism fuel the sustained relevance of moral distress. This presentation will explore moral distress and advance strategies for dealing with it. Healthcare professional data from a large multi-site study (N=706) will be presented showing the importance of team- and system-level causes of moral distress. Relationships between moral distress levels and key variables such as ethical climate and practice setting will be presented. Discussion of the sources of moral distress will assist participants to target interventions in their settings that can minimize this problem and its negative consequences.Item [News](1982-01-29) Harrell, AnnItem Personal Psychotherapy and the Professional Development of Trainee Therapists(2015-08-31) Abrams, Ian Christopher; Casenave, Gerald W.; Davis, Carlos; Asay, TedThis paper aims to synthesize the literature on personal psychotherapy and graduate training in the helping professions to determine whether personal therapy should belong to the standard set of activities and competencies required of trainee psychotherapists. Though personal psychotherapy has a long history as a training tool, it is seldom formally required or recommended in programs today. Benefits to the clinician have been widely reported; whether clients benefit is a subject of ongoing debate. It appears that most psychotherapists eventually do enter therapy at some point in their career, but not necessarily in training. The paper attempts to determine what is of value to the trainee therapist and how it can be integrated with the goals of training programs.Item Physician aid in dying: the American experience(2015-07-24) Paulk, Mary ElizabethItem Preparing physicians for an evolving demographic landscape(2018-12-14) Nesbitt, Shawna D.Item The Relationship Between Interdisciplinary Team Cohesion and Burnout in Cognitive Rehabilitation(August 2021) Cassill, Carolyn Kuniko; Anise, Mary; Robbins, Mona; Marquez de la Plata, Carlos; Kinney, Robert; Reese, CaitlinBACKGROUND: The healthcare system at large is currently experiencing unprecedented amounts of burnout (Jalili et al., 2021; Reith, 2018). Researchers are working to identify risk and protective factors (Cañadas-De la Fuente et al., 2015; Seidler et al., 2014) of burnout that might be used as points of intervention (Awa et al., 2010; Demerouti, 2015). One potential protective factor of burnout that has not been explored is interpersonal team cohesion of the interdisciplinary team. (Hellyar et al., 2019). The purpose of this study was to determine if interpersonal team cohesion was inversely related to burnout in healthcare providers. METHODS: Emails and flyers with links to an online survey were sent to direct care staff in a cognitive rehabilitation setting. The convenience sample included 53 participants who completed the survey. Participants answered questions regarding burnout, interpersonal team functioning, depression, anxiety, and stress. Demographic variables associated with burnout were also included (Cañadas-De la Fuente et al., 2015; Shanafelt et al., 2015). RESULTS: Twenty-six participants reported symptoms consistent with burnout. All of these participants endorsed experiencing emotional exhaustion, but no one endorsed experiencing depersonalization or diminished professional accomplishment. As such, all analyses used emotional exhaustion to examine burnout. Multiple regression was used to determine if interpersonal team cohesion predicted emotional exhaustion. While the overall model was significant (F (6,42) = 12.55, p < .001, R2 = .64), only stress ( = 0.68, p < .001) and depression ( = 0.34, p = .047) were significant predictors of emotional exhaustion. Further analysis revealed that interpersonal team cohesion did significantly predict emotional exhaustion, but only with stress included as a partial mediator. CONCLUSIONS: The hypothesis that interpersonal team cohesion and burnout were inversely related to each other proved to be an oversimplification. Results of this study show that stress serves as a partial mediator between interpersonal functioning of interpersonal team cohesion and burnout, with lower team cohesion resulting in higher stress, which in turn results in higher levels of burnout. This implies that both interpersonal functioning of the interdisciplinary team and stress can be used as points of intervention for reducing or preventing burnout.Item Second victim(2018-12-07) Patel, VivekItem Structural competency: new frameworks to understand and respond to inequities in health(2023-04-11) Holmes, Seth M.Research on disparities in health and in medical care demonstrates that social, economic, and political inequities are key drivers of poor health outcomes. The influence of such inequities on health has long been noted by clinicians and public health practitioners, but such content has been incorporated unevenly into clinical training and clinical ethics. Recently proposed by clinicians, ethicists, and medical social scientists, the framework of "structural competency" offers a paradigm for training health professionals to recognize and respond to the impact of upstream, structural factors on patient health and health care. This lecture will cover key terms and primary domains of structural competency to allow medical practitioners, ethicists, and researchers to perceive and respond to social inequities in health in new ways.Item Struggling to catch up: families, identities, and narrative care(2014-12-09) Lindemann, HildeFamilies perform many morally valuable functions for their own members, not the least of which is providing care when they are ill or injured. Hilde Lindemann, Ph.D., argues that a second family function -- that of sustaining their members' personal identities -- is deeply implicated in that care. After explaining the narrative nature of identity maintenance, she discusses three cases where family care givers must find the right stories to repair the identity of one of their own: where the identity has been repudiated, where the identity lies at the limits of responsibility, and where the patient has lost her second nature. As Dr. Lindemann examines these cases, she argue that if health care professionals recognize and respect this familial caring labor, they can do a better job of providing the patient with their own form of care.Item Two Psychological Survey Studies: (1) Understanding the Stigma Toward Lung Cancer and (2) Using Research Domain Criteria Project (RDoC) to Predict Remission Rates of Major Depressive Disorder Patients(2017-11-22) Ma, Tsung-wei; Zhan, Xiaowei; Xie, Yang; Xiao, Guanghua; Schiller, Joan H.; Gazdar, AdiThis dissertation is composed of two psychological survey studies. In the first study, people's negative attitudes toward lung cancer are assessed and discussed. The second topic is about predicting the remission rates of major depressive disorder patients with patients' self-reported questionnaires. In the first topic, I analyzed data from The Lung Cancer Project, an online survey study, to assess both explicit and implicit attitudes expressed by the four participant groups: health care professionals, cancer patients, caregivers and the general public. Negative attitudes toward lung cancer were detected among all these participant groups. I also discovered several demographic factors significantly associated with negative attitudes toward lung cancer. Furthermore, I investigated the association between state-level perceptions of lung cancer (including both explicit and implicit attitudes) and rates of treatment (drug treatment rates or total treatment rates, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy) for lung cancer patients in the corresponding states. In the second topic, existing data from the Combining Medications to Enhance Depression Outcomes (CO-MED) trial were utilized to develop a data-driven method for mapping the behavioral factors to the constructs defined in Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). And I used the defined behavioral factors from CO-MED to discover patient subgroups. In further analysis, I found that the discovered patient subgroups have significantly different remission rates to the antidepressant treatment, which indicates that there are three endo-phenotypes in major depression disorder.Item [UT News](1985-12-01) Lyon, PamelaItem [UT News](1986-05-22) Cason, Vicki