Browsing by Subject "Patient Education as Topic"
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Item ChatGPT Responses to Glaucoma Questions Based on Patient Health Literacy Levels(2024-01-30) Mekala, Priya; Patel, Monica; Suresh, Sruthi; Saleh, Ibrahim; Kooner, KaranjitBACKGROUND: Glaucoma is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease of the optic nerve, commonly found in the elderly. Patients usually do not understand the complexities of the disease and struggle to find answers from different glaucoma sources and sites which may be difficult to understand. AI chatbots such as ChatGPT(r) have recently emerged as a useful tool to gather information on any medical question. However, the role of ChatGPT in generating answers to glaucoma treatment questions is not well documented. Health literacy is defined as the basic reading and mathematical skills required to find, understand, and use health-related information. The average reading level among US adults is 7th-8th grade; however, most medical information is often written at a higher reading level. The purpose of this study was to determine whether ChatGPT can tailor responses to glaucoma treatment questions based on patient health literacy levels. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesize that ChatGPT may satisfactorily tailor answers to glaucoma questions based on patient health literacy level. METHODS: We selected 27 common questions relating to glaucoma medications, lasers, and surgical treatments. The questions were inputted into ChatGPT, first without instructions. Then, ChatGPT was instructed to tailor responses to 4 health literacy levels based on the US National Assessment of Health Literacy: below basic (BB), basic (B), intermediate (I), and proficient (P). Responses were analyzed using Flesch-Kincaid (FKC) grade level [0-18+] corresponding to years of education, word count, and syllables. Kruskal-Wallis rank sum tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The mean FKC grade level of ChatGPT responses without any instructions about health literacy levels was 12.83, corresponding to a 12th-grade or "fairly difficult to read" level. When instructed to tailor responses, the mean FKC grade level of BB, B, I, and P responses were 11.50, 12.49, 12.95, and 13.12 (p<0.001), respectively. The mean word count of BB, B, I, and P answers (82, 117, 163, 177, respectively) correspondingly increased (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: ChatGPT in its current form is unable to provide easy to comprehend responses to glaucoma questions for the public. Future AI chatbots may need to be trained on not only the specific databases, such as medical, conversational, computer science, and finance, but to be able to provide easily understandable answers at all levels of health literacy to cater to a wider sector of society.Item A Comprehensive Patient Education Video for Radiosurgery of the Central Nervous System(2009-06-17) Fels, Thomas Jeffery; Calver, Lewis E.The purpose of this thesis project was to produce a comprehensive patient education video describing the concept of radiosurgery and the terms associated with its use. This video will be viewed by patients recently diagnosed with a brain or spinal disorder who are contemplating radiosurgery, specifically the use of the Gamma Knife(r) or the CyberKnife(r). Much of the information presented online does not provide a comprehensive overview of all of the potential risks involved in radiosurgery and damage to healthy tissue that may occur. By viewing this program that includes 3D and 2D animation, illustration, and written description, the patient will be informed of what is involved in radiosurgery including the possible strengths and weaknesses of radiosurgery. This video was designed to help the patients better understand the process of radiosurgery and how it may affect their life. This will assist doctors with consistent information that may be difficult to portray verbally to each patient. Consistent information in the form of a video can supplement communication between patient and physician. The patients may then be able to make informed decisions on whether they would like to use this technology in their radiation therapy.Item Empowering Patients: Simplifying Discharge Instructions(2019-03-28) DeSai, Charisma; Reed, W. Gary; Blomkalns, Andra; McDonald, SamuelBACKGROUND: Studies have shown that many patients leave the ED with partial comprehension of their visit and discharge instructions. Patients who are not adequately informed as to their discharge plans have decreased compliance with medications and treatment plans, decreased patient safety, increased Emergency Department (ED) recidivism, and poor patient satisfaction. The fast-paced and unpredictable environment of the ED makes thorough communication a challenge, so it is especially important to ensure that patients are given accessible and easy-to-understand information given the acuity and urgency of these patients' conditions. LOCAL PROBLEM: This project's objective is to develop and implement a method to assess and improve patient understanding of treatment and discharge plan at the Clements University Hospital Emergency Department, an academic urban hospital ED that sees approximately 43,500 patients per year. Written instructions provided to patients at the beginning of the study were found to be long and tedious, and important information was often difficult to find. METHODS: The PDSA (Plan, Do, Study, Act) cycle was employed throughout the project. Planning occupied a large portion of the project, with the determination of stakeholders, mapping of the current state, and developing an algorithm for assessment of patient understanding. ED discharge process was mapped with a flow diagram to understand the process of educating patients upon discharge from Clements University Hospital. The authors developed a questionnaire to assess patient knowledge using CMS OP-19 Transfer Record and Joint Commission recommendations, areas of communication deficits reported in other papers, and ED staff and provider input. A baseline study was conducted with fifty patients to measure patient understanding of their discharge instructions (Do). Responses from patient interviews were then scored against the medical record (Study). Three scorers graded all patient responses, and inter-rater reliability was calculated using the kappa statistic. INTERVENTIONS: Based on patient scores in the baseline study, stakeholder interviews, and fishbone diagrams examining reasons for lower scores, a decision matrix was created to decide on the most effective intervention (Act, Plan). The intervention chosen was creating a new, short discharge document. We developed the one-page Simplified Information Page (SIP) targeted to teach patients their most relevant discharge instructions. Next, we tested the SIP on one hundred eighteen patients to see its effect on patient understanding (Do). RESULTS: None (0%) of the fifty patients in the initial survey had complete comprehension of their ED visit and discharge instructions, although most patients stated they understood their discharge instructions and thought that their discharge instructions were useful. The lowest scoring questions were medication instructions (dosing and frequency) and indications to return to the ED. Median score improved after implementation of the SIP, with statistically significant changes in score distribution across all questions assessed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Repeated measures ANOVA did not reveal any significant relationship between improvement in scores and any demographic criteria. Inter-rater reliability between scorers was high (kappa = 0.84). CONCLUSION: Healthcare providers often spend valuable time educating their patients, and it is important to assess the effectiveness of this teaching to identify areas in which we may improve health literacy and patient understanding. We found that the majority of patients do not fully comprehend their ED discharge instructions. Our project has shown that a simple, easy-to-read page with patient input significantly improved ED discharge knowledge.Item Impact of a Community-Developed Nutrition Fotonovela Versus a Brochure on Dietary Practice in the Dominican Republic(2020-03-16) Jean, Alice; Gimpel, Nora; Albin, Jaclyn; Carson, Jo AnnBACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is the number one cause of mortality in the Dominican Republic, and diet is one of the main factors contributing to its development (World Health Organization, 2016; Mokdad et al., 2018). A fotonovela is similar to a comic book but uses photographs to tell a story about a health topic and has been shown to increase awareness and promote healthier practices. OBJECTIVE: After two weeks and one month, participants experiencing the community-developed nutrition fotonovela will display more changes in dietary behavior than the participants experiencing the nutrition brochure. METHODS: Zumbón was randomly selected from five communities surrounding Santo Domingo to develop a fotonovela about eating a balanced diet through focus groups. Haina and El Batey were the intervention groups in which the pastors presented the fotonovela to the communities while San Joaquín and Tres Brazos were control groups in which the pastors presented an existing nutrition brochure to the communities. Before the presentation, the participants completed a survey containing demographic and dietary behavior questions. To evaluate whether the fotonovela or brochure intervention significantly changed their diet, participants completed an identical survey two weeks and one month after the presentation. RESULTS: Besides differences in gender, cooking ability, employment, and household composition, there were no other demographic differences within the brochure and fotonovela presentation communities. With a p-value of less than 0.05 being significant, people in Haina were eating starches more often two weeks after the fotonovela presentation. In San Joaquín, significantly more people ate grains daily at one month than before the brochure presentation. In the brochure presentation communities of San Joaquín and Tres Brazos, significantly more people ate no added fat at the one month survey compared to the two week survey. No other significant dietary changes were found within the brochure and fotonovela presentation communities when comparing pre- to post-presentation surveys. CONCLUSION: Although differences in dietary changes between those receiving the brochure versus fotonovela were limited, the brochure presentation communities made more preferable changes in their diet than the fotonovela presentation communities within a one-month period. Nutrition brochures are effective in promoting a healthy diet while fotonovelas can potentially have long-term beneficial effects on diet. Future studies are recommended to distribute color copies of the fotonovela to a larger sample size and to follow participants' eating habits beyond one month.Item [News](1981-11-18) Spiegel, RichardNote: The cartoon by Scott T. Barrows was filed with the November 18, 1981 News Release. In 1981, Scott T. Barrows was an instructor in Biomedical Communications at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas.Item [News](1988-03-17) Rogers, Mary AliceItem [News](1976-10-22) Weeks, John; Pascoe, GailItem A Parent's Guide to Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery(2011-02-01) Bagnall, Kristen Marie; Calver, Lewis E.The goal of this project was to create an online parent education resource to guide parents through the process of pediatric epilepsy surgery. I created an interactive, web-based program that included photographs documenting the process, brain scans, illustrations of brain anatomy, success-story videos, frequently asked questions, a glossary, helpful links, and printable PDFs. The program was created for English-speaking families, but it was built with the intention of adding a Spanish version at a later date. The program was also designed as a trusted resource for the families considering epilepsy surgery at Children’s Medical Center, Dallas. The doctors of the Epilepsy Team at Children’s evaluated the program for its clinical relevance and usefulness for their current and future patients. Further testing and feedback from parents can be acquired after the Spanish version is complete and the program is integrated into the website of the Comprehensive Epilepsy Center.Item A Patient Education Packet for Transtibial Amputees Including Instructional DVD and Booklet(2010-01-12) Sesto, Laura Catherine; Krumwiede, Kimberly HoggattA patient education packet that would be available to recent transtibial amputees, created to promote the proper care and cleaning of the prosthesis and to help give the patient a sense of confidence and independence. The packet consists of two elements, a DVD and a booklet. Both elements were divided into the following sections: In the Morning, During the Day, In the Evening, When to See Your Prosthetist, and Common Skin Issues. This organization was used in order to encourage the patient to develop a daily routine to consistently follow. The packets were distributed to and evaluated by patients of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas Prosthetics-Orthotics Program. The packets were also evaluated by various clinicians who had experience working with amputees.Item Patient reported outcomes: the patient's perspective(2020-01-10) Bajaj, PuneetItem The Psychosocial Impact of a Social Interaction Skills Training (SIST) Workshop for Vitiligo Patients(2020-05-01T05:00:00.000Z) Tan, Andrea; Pandya, Amit; Schuster, Lisa; Glass, Donald A.BACKGROUND: Vitiligo may cause substantial psychosocial burden on affected individuals, particularly affecting social and interpersonal interactions. Psychosocial interventions remain scarce. OBJECTIVE: To develop and implement a Social Interaction Skills Training (SIST) workshop for vitiligo patients. METHODS: A workshop was developed and facilitated using Social Interaction Skills Training principles. The Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation-II Scale, visual analog scales, and open-ended workshop questionnaire were administered to participants before and after the workshop to determine its impact. RESULTS: Of 17 participants, 11 completed all assessments; 6 completed at all but the penultimate and/or last assessment. Statistically significant improvement in the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale and visual analog scales were seen up to 8 weeks after the workshop. The Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation-II Scale showed a statistically significant decrease immediately after the workshop that was not maintained at follow up. Workshop questionnaires revealed themes regarding motivations to attend, impact on quality of life, and implementation of newly-learned strategies. LIMITATIONS: Single-arm pilot study with small sample size and lack of randomization to non-intervention group. CONCLUSION: Social Interaction Skills Training may potentially be a useful intervention for vitiligo patients to reduce psychosocial burden and warrants further study.